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dropmean

confirmedcertificatePythonModel behavior & reasoningJuly 22, 2026

the question

In cut-cross-entropy, what exactly sets the error introduced by dropping sub-threshold vocabulary entries from the gradient?

what came out

Above V*=32/eps (4096 in bf16) the filter drops the entire non-target gradient, and the error equals (1-p_t) times the probability-weighted unembedding row-mean, bit-exact and independent of tau. It stays 10.91 from tau=2^-9 to 2^-15, refuting the per-term-truncation justification by four orders of magnitude.

method & receipts

  • Result: confirmed
  • Reproducible one script re-runs the whole thing from scratch.
  • Tested — a correctness/benchmark suite ships alongside the code.

→ read the code and re-run it

github.com/v-code01/dropmean